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As far as I know, the National Cancer Institute's study only addresses the exposure to the thyroid gland and the subsequent risk of thyroid cancer. I know of no study that shows a link between observed cancers in Arkansas and past exposure to weapons fallout. To date, detailed epidemiological studies have been limited to chidren exposed in the counties of UT, NV, and AZ during the 1950's. These studies show a link for thyroid neoplasms and thyroiditis, but not thyroid cancer per se, although non-cancerous thyroid neoplasms are known to be predictors for thyroid cancer in later life.
More information can be obtained on the doses and risks of past exposure to Nevada Test Site fallout by going to http://ntsi131.nci.nih.gov/ and http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/feature/fallout-from-nuclear-wea...